|
|
Continued
…
Table VIII
Details of districts in
Karnataka in which study was conducted
|
District |
Name
of the block |
Approximate
no. of
village from which sample was collected |
Month
& year of survey |
DLM held Y/N |
|
|
|
11 |
Aug , 01 |
Y |
|
Tumkur |
Kortigeri |
25 |
July ,01 |
Y |
|
|
Haspet Taluk |
INA |
Aug, 01 |
N |
|
Davangeree |
Davangree |
5 |
July, 01 |
Y |
|
Hassan |
Dodo Akadanuy |
INA |
July, 01 |
Y |
|
Kappal |
Kappal |
9 |
Aug,01 |
INA |
|
Kolar |
Dalsamur |
15 |
July, 01 |
Y |
|
Haveri |
Savanur |
12 |
July, 01 |
Y |
|
Bijapur |
Singdagi |
27 |
Aug, 01 |
INA |
|
Uttara Kannada |
Bhatkal |
INA |
Aug, 01 |
INA |
|
Dakshina Kannada |
Belthangady |
23 |
July,01 |
INA |
|
Chamarajanagar |
Gundlupet |
24 |
Aug, 01 |
INA |
|
Udupi |
Udupi |
31 |
July, 01 |
INA |
|
Belagum |
|
INA |
Aug, 01 |
INA |
|
Kodagu |
Somwaeepet |
>30 |
Aug, 01 |
Y |
|
Raichur |
Lingsur |
19 |
July, 01 |
INA |
|
Mandya |
Malavalli |
>30 |
Aug, 01 |
Y |
|
Shimoga |
Hosnagara |
7 |
July, 01 |
Y |
|
|
Nanjanagud |
>30 |
Aug,01 |
N |
|
Bidar |
Humnabad |
INA |
Aug,01 |
Y |
|
|
Nelamangala |
>30 |
Aug,01 |
Y |
|
Chickmanglur |
Sringeri |
19 |
July,01 |
INA |
|
Dharwad |
Kalaghati |
20 |
July,01 |
Y |
|
Chitradurga |
Halal Kere |
20 |
Aug,01 |
Y |
|
|
|
INA |
Aug,01 |
Y |
DLM = District level meeting
Y = Yes
N = No
INA = Information not available
Table
IX
Urinary iodine excretion levels in the study subjects in
different districts in Karnataka
(n= 1952)
|
Name of the |
UIE levels (μg/l) |
Comments |
|||||
|
district |
N |
Median (μg/l) |
<20.0 |
20.0- <50.0 |
50.0- <100.0 |
³100.0 |
D/N |
|
|
94 |
70.0 |
4(4.3) |
19(20.2) |
43(45.7) |
28(29.8) |
D |
|
Tumkur |
97 |
100.0 |
0(0.0) |
5(5.2) |
29(29.9) |
63(64.9) |
N |
|
|
95 |
65.0 |
5(5.3) |
14(14.7) |
44(46.3) |
32(33.7) |
D |
|
Davangeree |
90 |
52.0 |
19(21.1) |
17(18.9) |
19(21.1) |
35(38.9) |
D |
|
Kappal |
86 |
100.0 |
3(3.5) |
4(4.7) |
24(27.9) |
55(64.0) |
N |
|
Kolar |
101 |
95.0 |
2(2.0) |
7(6.9) |
48(47.5) |
44(43.6) |
D |
|
Haveri |
99 |
100.0 |
0(0.0) |
12(12.1) |
32(32.3) |
55(55.6) |
N |
|
Bijapur |
76 |
85.0 |
9(11.8) |
0(0.0) |
32(42.1) |
35(46.1) |
D |
|
Uttara Kannada |
100 |
100.0 |
11(11.0) |
15(15.0) |
21(21.0) |
53(53.0) |
N |
|
Dakshina Kannada |
97 |
70.0 |
17(17.5) |
8(8.2) |
42(43.3) |
30(30.9) |
D |
|
Udupi |
84 |
>200.0 |
0(0.0) |
1(1.2) |
6(7.1) |
77(91.7) |
N |
|
Belagaum |
100 |
100.0 |
1(1.0) |
13(13.0) |
28(28.0) |
58(58.0) |
N |
|
Kodagu |
96 |
30.0 |
25(26.0) |
34(35.4) |
21(21.9) |
16(16.7) |
D |
|
Raichur |
93 |
120.0 |
0(0.0) |
3(3.2) |
21(22.6) |
69(74.2) |
N |
|
Mandya |
98 |
120.0 |
0(0.0) |
2(2.0) |
30(30.6) |
66(67.3) |
N |
|
Shimoga |
96 |
30.0 |
30(31.3) |
23(24.0) |
33(34.4) |
10(10.4) |
D |
|
|
94 |
100.0 |
5(5.3) |
3(3.2) |
23(24.5) |
63(67.0) |
N |
|
Chickmanglur |
100 |
150.0 |
2(2.0) |
5(5.0) |
19(19.0) |
74(74.0) |
N |
|
Dharwad |
99 |
100.0 |
3(3.0) |
5(5.1) |
40(40.4) |
51(51.5) |
N |
|
Chitradurga |
71 |
>200.0 |
8(11.3) |
0(0.0) |
4(5.6) |
59(83.1) |
N |
|
|
86 |
185.0 |
2(2.3) |
1(1.2) |
4(4.7) |
79(91.9) |
N |
|
TOTAL |
1952 |
|
146(7.5) |
191(9.8) |
563(28.8) |
1052(53.9) |
|
Figures in
parenthesis denote percentages
D= Deficient
iodine nutriture
N= Normal iodine nutriture
KERALA
A
total of 2110 salt samples were collected at beneficiary level from all the 14 districts
of the state. It was found that 56.3% of the population was consuming salt with
the stipulated level of iodine i.e. 15ppm and more (Table I).
Table
X depicts the district-wise iodine content of salt samples collected at
beneficiaries level. The results revealed that overall 43.8% of the families in
the state were consuming salt with 15ppm and more iodine. District Malappuram
had 96.0% of the families consuming salt with adequate iodine.
A
total of 184 salt samples were collected at traders level. It was observed
that 47.5% of the samples of village
level traders and 63.2% of the samples of district level traders had iodine
content of 15ppm and more (Table XI).
The
details of each district in which survey was conducted has been depicted in Table XII. It was found that on
an average salt samples were collected from 11 villages (range: 10-27) from
each district.
The
UIE levels in 8 districts in Kerala is depicted in Table XIII. A total of 689
casual urine samples were collected. It was found that three districts viz.,
Idukki and Kottayam had median UIE level <100.0 μg/l and also more than
20% of the samples had UIE levels less than 50 μg/l. These finding
indicated iodine deficient nutriture in
the these districts. It was found that
in these districts higher percentage of population was consuming salt with less
than 5 ppm of iodine.
Table
X
Iodine content of
salt samples collected
at beneficiaries level
in different districts in Kerala
(n=2110)
|
Name
of the district |
Iodine content in ppm |
|||
|
N |
<5 |
5-<15 |
15
& more |
|
|
Palaghat |
151 |
121(80.1) |
12(7.9) |
18(11.9) |
|
Kasargod |
149 |
90(60.4) |
31(20.8) |
28(18.8) |
|
Wyanad |
146 |
76(52.1) |
32(21.9) |
38(26.0) |
|
Ernakulam |
156 |
40(25.6) |
69(44.2) |
47(30.1) |
|
Idukki |
152 |
90(59.2) |
13(8.6) |
49(32.2) |
|
Kannur |
152 |
58(38.2) |
43(28.3) |
51(33.6) |
|
Trichur |
150 |
74(49.3) |
17(11.3) |
59(39.3) |
|
Aleppey |
148 |
71(48.0) |
7(4.7) |
70(47.3) |
|
Kottayam |
153 |
52(34.0) |
24(15.7) |
77(47.3) |
|
Calicut |
146 |
56(38.4) |
11(7.5) |
79(54.1) |
|
Pathanamthitta |
146 |
48(32.9) |
18(12.3) |
80(54.8) |
|
Trivandrum |
156 |
40(25.6) |
30(19.2) |
86(56.1) |
|
Kollam |
155 |
30(19.4) |
28(18.1) |
97(62.6) |
|
Malappuram |
150 |
1(0.7) |
5(3.3) |
144(96.0) |
|
TOTAL |
2110 |
847(40.1) |
340(16.1) |
923(43.8) |
Table
XIIodine content of
salt samples collected
at traders level n different districts in Kerala
(n=
|
Name
of the district |
Iodine content in ppm |
|||||
|
Village market |
District market |
|||||
|
N |
<15 |
≥15 |
N |
<15 |
≥15 |
|
|
Palaghat |
6 |
3 |
3 |
12 |
4 |
8 |
|
Kasargod |
INA |
INA |
INA |
INA |
INA |
INA |
|
Wyanad |
INA |
INA |
INA |
INA |
INA |
INA |
|
Ernakulam |
6 |
3 |
3 |
12 |
2 |
10 |
|
Idukki |
5 |
4 |
1 |
11 |
8 |
3 |
|
Kannur |
INA |
INA |
INA |
INA |
INA |
INA |
|
Trichur |
6 |
3 |
3 |
12 |
4 |
8 |
|
Aleppey |
3 |
2 |
1 |
9 |
6 |
3 |
|
Kottayam |
3 |
1 |
2 |
9 |
3 |
6 |
|
Calicut |
6 |
5 |
1 |
12 |
6 |
6 |
|
Pathanamthitta |
6 |
3 |
3 |
12 |
2 |
10 |
|
Trivandrum |
6 |
1 |
5 |
12 |
2 |
10 |
|
Kollam |
6 |
2 |
4 |
12 |
3 |
9 |
|
Malappuram |
6 |
4 |
2 |
12 |
6 |
6 |
|
TOTAL |
59 |
31(52.5) |
28(47.5) |
125 |
46(36.8) |
79(63.2) |
Figures
in parenthesis denote percentages;
INA= Information not availableIodine content of salt was estimated by
STK
Table XII
Details of districts in
Kerala in which study was conducted
|
District from which sample was collected |
Name of the block |
Approximate
no. of
village |
Month
& year of survey |
DLM held Y/N |
|
Palaghat |
Palakkad |
14 |
July,01 |
INA |
|
Kasargod |
Nileshwar |
11 |
July,01 |
INA |
|
Wyanad |
Mananauthavady |
10 |
July,01 |
INA |
|
Ernakulum |
Para kkadavu |
INA |
July,01 |
INA |
|
Idukki |
Azhutha |
18 |
Aug,01 |
INA |
|
Kannur |
Payyanur |
INA |
Aug,01 |
INA |
|
Trichur |
Puzzhakkal |
16 |
July,01 |
INA |
|
Aleppe y |
Veliyanadu |
11 |
Aug,01 |
INA |
|
Kottayam |
Pallom |
20 |
Aug,01 |
INA |
|
Calicut |
Balusserv |
27 |
July,01 |
Y |
|
Pathanamthitta |
Parakkode |
INA |
July,01 |
INA |
|
Trivandrum |
Kazha Kkuttam |
16 |
July,01 |
INA |
|
Kollam |
Ithikkara |
INA |
July,01 |
INA |
|
Malappuram |
Kondatty |
18 |
Aug,01 |
Y |
DLM = District level
meeting
Y= Yes
N= No
INA= Information not available
Table XIII
Urinary
iodine excretion levels in the study subjects in different districts in Kerala
(n= 689)
|
Name of the district |
UIE levels
(μg/l) Comments |
||||||
|
N |
Median (μg/l) |
<20.0 |
20.0- <50.0 |
50.0- <100.0 |
³100.0 |
D/N |
|
|
Kasargod |
92 |
75.0 |
34(37.0) |
3(3.3) |
22(23.9) |
33(35.9) |
D |
|
DWyanad |
98 |
100.0 |
8(8.2) |
7(7.1) |
29(29.6) |
54(55.1) |
N |
|
Idukki |
72 |
55.0 |
15(20.8) |
15(20.8) |
27(37.5) |
15(20.8) |
D |
|
Kannur |
90 |
150.0 |
0(0.0) |
0(0.0) |
0(0.0) |
90(100.0) |
N |
|
Aleppey |
94 |
100.0 |
6(6.4) |
4(4.3) |
31(33.0) |
53(56.4) |
N |
|
Kottayam |
99 |
85.0 |
7(7.1) |
24(24.2) |
19(19.2) |
49(49.5) |
D |
|
Calicut |
56 |
120.0 |
1(1.8) |
3(5.4) |
12(21.4) |
40(71.4) |
N |
|
Malappuram |
88 |
150.0 |
8(9.1) |
12(13.6) |
12(13.6) |
56(63.6) |
N |
|
TOTAL |
689 |
|
79(11.5) |
68(9.9) |
152(22.1) |
390(56.5) |
|
Figures in
parenthesis denote percentages
D= Deficient
iodine nutriture
N= Normal iodine nutriture
A
total of 600 salt samples were collected from all the four districts of
Pondicherry. It was found that only 17.2% of the population was consuming salt
with the stipulated level of iodine i.e. 15ppm and more (Table I).
The
district-wise distribution of iodine content of salt is depicted in Table XIV.
It was observed that 59.7% of the
families were consuming iodised salt
with more than 5 ppm iodine. The districts Karaikal, Mahe and Yanam had more
than 85% of the families consuming salt
with iodine content of less than 15ppm.
A
total of 48 salt samples were collected from traders. It was observed that 41.7% of the samples of village level traders
and 50.0% of the samples at district level traders had iodine content of 15ppm
and more (Table XV).
The
details of each district in which survey was conducted has been depicted in Table XVI. It was found that on
an average salt samples were collected from 16 villages (range: 13-21) from
each district. The district level sensitization meeting on benefits of iodised
salt was conducted in all the 4 districts.
A
total of 377 casual urine samples were collected from 4 districts of the UT
(Table XVII). It was found that district
Yanam had median UIE less than 100.0 μg/l
and more than 20% of the urine
samples had less than 50 μg/l of iodine indicating
deficient iodine nutriture in the study subjects. In this district, more than
75% of the families were found to be
consuming salt with less than 5 ppm of
iodine.
Table XIV
Iodine content of
salt samples collected
at beneficiaries level
in different districts in Pondicherry
(n=600)
|
Name
of the district |
Iodine content in ppm |
|||
|
N |
<5 |
5-<15 |
15 & more |
|
|
Karaikal |
150 |
61(40.7) |
86(57.3) |
3(2.0) |
|
Pondicherry |
150 |
100(66.7) |
40(26.7) |
10(6.7) |
|
Yanam |
150 |
37(24.7) |
92(61.3) |
21(14.0) |
|
Mahe |
150 |
44(29.3) |
37(24.7) |
69(46.0) |
|
TOTAL |
600 |
242(40.3) |
255(42.5) |
103(17.2) |
Figures in parenthesis denote percentages
INA= Information not available
Table
XV
Iodine content of salt samples collected at traders level in
different districts in
(n=48)
|
Name
of the district |
Iodine content in ppm |
|||||
|
Village market |
District market |
|||||
|
N |
<15 |
≥15 |
N |
<15 |
≥15 |
|
|
Karaikal |
6 |
3 |
3 |
6 |
3 |
3 |
|
Pondicherry |
6 |
4 |
2 |
6 |
3 |
3 |
|
Yanam |
6 |
4 |
2 |
6 |
3 |
3 |
|
Mahe |
6 |
3 |
3 |
6 |
3 |
3 |
|
TOTAL |
24 |
14(58.3) |
10(41.7) |
24 |
12(50.0) |
12(50.0) |
Figures in parenthesis denote percentages
INA= Information not available
Iodine content of salt was estimated by
STK
Table
XVI
Details of districts in
Pondicherry in which study was conducted
|
District from which sample was
collected |
Name
of the block of survey |
Approximate
no. of village |
Month
& year |
DLM held Y/N |
|
Karaikal |
Kanaucheurry |
21 |
Oct,01 |
Y |
|
Pondicherry |
Wilianur |
13 |
Oct,01 |
Y |
|
Yanam |
Yanam |
15 |
Oct,01 |
Y |
|
Mahe |
Mahe |
21 |
Oct,01 |
Y |
DLM = District level
meeting
Y= Yes
N= No
INA= Information not available
Table
XVII
Urinary iodine excretion levels in the study subjects in
different districts in Pondicherry
(n= 377)
|
Name of the |
UIE levels
(μg/l) |
Comments |
|||||
|
district |
N |
Median (μg/l) |
<20.0 |
20.0- <50.0 |
50.0- <100.0 |
³100.0 |
D/N |
|
Karaikal |
80 |
150.0 |
0(0.0) |
3(3.8) |
9(11.3) |
68(85.0) |
N |
|
Pondicherry |
100 |
200.0 |
0(0.0) |
0(0.0) |
15(15.0) |
85(85.0) |
N |
|
Yanam |
100 |
65.0 |
5(5.0) |
27(27.0) |
34(34.0) |
34(34.0) |
D |
|
Mahe |
97 |
200.0 |
0(0.0) |
2(2.1) |
7(7.2) |
88(90.7) |
N |
|
TOTAL |
377 |
|
5(1.2) |
32(8.5) |
65(17.2) |
275(73.0) |
|
Figures in
parenthesis denote percentages
D= Deficient
iodine nutriture
N= Normal iodine
nutriture
TAMIL
NADU
The
study was conducted in 24 districts of
the state. A total of 3889 salt samples
were collected from beneficiary levels. It was revealed that only 16.2% of the population
was consuming salt with the stipulated level of iodine i.e. 15ppm and
more (Table I).
The
district-wise distribution of iodine content of salt is depicted in Table
XVIII. It was observed that 62.3% of the
families were consuming iodised salt
with 5 ppm and more iodine. In the districts of Nagapattinam, Thiruvarur,
Villupuram, Virudhunagar, Tiruvanamalai, Madurai, Cuddalore, Thanjavur and
Ramanathapuram more than 90% of the families were consuming salt with iodine
content of less than 15ppm (Table
XVIII).
A
total of 256 salt samples were collected from traders. It was observed that
only 38.8% of the samples of village level traders and 41.4% of the samples
of district level traders had iodine
content of 15ppm and more (Table XIX).
The
details of each district in which survey was conducted has been depicted in Table XX. It was found that on an
average salt samples were collected from 20 villages (range: 19-30) in each
district. The district level sensitization meeting on benefits of iodised salt
was conducted in 13 out of 24 districts.
Table
XXI depicts the district-wise
distribution of UIE levels. It
was found that only district Perambalour
had median UIE less than 100.0 μg/l
with more than 20% of urine samples
with UIE levels less than 50
μg/l. These findings indicated
deficient iodine nutriture in the population included in the district.